Alopecia x in dog: diagnostic and therapeutic approach

Reporte de Caso en una Perra de la Raza Spitz Alemán

Abstract

Introduction: Alopecia X is a dermatological condition with an etiology that remains not fully understood, previously known by several hormone- and neutering-related names. Although more common in Nordic breeds and dogs with dense coats, cases have been reported across different canine populations, underscoring its clinical relevance. Objective: This report aims to describe a clinical case of Alopecia X in a female German Spitz, detailing the diagnostic approach, therapeutic protocol, and clinical response observed. Case report: A seven-year-old spayed female German Spitz presented with progressive alopecia for three years, without pruritus. Clinical examination revealed diffuse alopecia, scaling, and comedones, with no signs of inflammation. Laboratory and hormonal tests ruled out endocrinopathies, supporting the suspicion of Alopecia X. Initial treatment included melatonin, essential fatty acids, nutritional supplements, and therapeutic shampoos. Subsequently, a deslorelin implant (Suprelorin®) was administered, leading to visible hair regrowth after 60 days. The case highlights the importance of differential diagnosis and demonstrates a favorable response to deslorelin in Alopecia X. Conclusion: This case contributes to improving the management of Alopecia X, emphasizing the efficacy and safety of deslorelin as a therapeutic option and reinforcing the need for accurate diagnosis and ongoing updates in veterinary dermatology.